See lead in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
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{
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"lang_code": "en",
"word": "lead"
},
{
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"lang_code": "sco",
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},
{
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"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "lede"
},
{
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"lang_code": "yol",
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}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
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"word": "led"
},
{
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"word": "lead"
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{
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"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "lede"
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}
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},
{
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{
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}
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},
{
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"word": "lead"
},
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"word": "leid"
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{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "lede"
},
{
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"lang_code": "yol",
"word": "leed"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"word": "leod"
},
{
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"lang_code": "en",
"word": "lead"
},
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"word": "leid"
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{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "lede"
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"lang_code": "yol",
"word": "leed"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"word": "leyd"
},
{
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"lang_code": "en",
"word": "lead"
},
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"word": "leid"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "lede"
},
{
"lang": "Yola",
"lang_code": "yol",
"word": "leed"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"word": "leyt"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "lead"
},
{
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"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "leid"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "lede"
},
{
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"lang_code": "yol",
"word": "leed"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
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],
"word": "læd"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
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"lang_code": "en",
"word": "lead"
},
{
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"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "leid"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "lede"
},
{
"lang": "Yola",
"lang_code": "yol",
"word": "leed"
}
],
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"raw_tags": [
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],
"word": "lead"
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"2": ":inh",
"3": "gmw-pro:*laud",
"id": "metal",
"text": "++",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *plowdʰo-\nProto-Celtic *ɸloudom\nGaulish *loudonbor.?\nProto-West Germanic *laud\nOld English lead\nInherited from Proto-West Germanic *laud, possibly borrowed from Gaulish *loudon, from Proto-Celtic *ɸloudom (“lead”), from Proto-Indo-European *plowdʰo- (“lead”).",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *plowdʰo-\nProto-Celtic *ɸloudom\nGaulish *loudonbor.?\nProto-West Germanic *laud\nOld English lead\nInherited from Proto-West Germanic *laud, possibly borrowed from Gaulish *loudon, from Proto-Celtic *ɸloudom (“lead”), from Proto-Indo-European *plowdʰo- (“lead”).",
"forms": [
{
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"tags": [
"canonical",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
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"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
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"source": "declension",
"tags": [
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"singular"
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},
{
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"source": "declension",
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"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
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"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lēades",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lēade",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "n",
"head": "lēad"
},
"expansion": "lēad n",
"name": "ang-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lēad",
"num": "sg"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun-a-n"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lēad",
"2": "lēad",
"3": "lēad",
"4": "lēad",
"5": "lēades",
"6": "lēada",
"7": "lēade",
"8": "lēadum",
"num": "sg",
"title": "",
"type": "strong a-stem"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
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"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "līeden"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I am much heavier than the gray stone\nor an un-little clump of lead,\nI am much lighter than this little bug\nthat walks here on the water with dry feet",
"ref": "Exeter Book, riddle 40",
"roman": "þe hēr on flōde gǣð fōtum dryġe.",
"text": "Hefiġere iċ eom micle þonne sē hāra stān\noþþe unlȳtel lēades clympre,\nlēohtre iċ eom micle þonne þēs lȳtla wyrm",
"translation": "I am much heavier than the gray stone\nor an un-little clump of lead,\nI am much lighter than this little bug\nthat walks here on the water with dry feet",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"lead"
],
"id": "en-lead-ang-noun-40VrwfTS",
"links": [
[
"lead",
"lead#English"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/læ͜ɑːd/"
}
],
"word": "lead"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "līeden"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "lead"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "leid"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "lede"
},
{
"lang": "Yola",
"lang_code": "yol",
"word": "leed"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"word": "led"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
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"lang_code": "en",
"word": "lead"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "leid"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "lede"
},
{
"lang": "Yola",
"lang_code": "yol",
"word": "leed"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"word": "lede"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "lead"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "leid"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "lede"
},
{
"lang": "Yola",
"lang_code": "yol",
"word": "leed"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"word": "leed"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "lead"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "leid"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "lede"
},
{
"lang": "Yola",
"lang_code": "yol",
"word": "leed"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"word": "leod"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "lead"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "leid"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "lede"
},
{
"lang": "Yola",
"lang_code": "yol",
"word": "leed"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"word": "leyd"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "lead"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "leid"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "lede"
},
{
"lang": "Yola",
"lang_code": "yol",
"word": "leed"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"word": "leyt"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "lead"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "leid"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "lede"
},
{
"lang": "Yola",
"lang_code": "yol",
"word": "leed"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"Early Middle English"
],
"word": "læd"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "lead"
},
{
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"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "leid"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "lede"
},
{
"lang": "Yola",
"lang_code": "yol",
"word": "leed"
}
],
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],
"word": "lead"
}
],
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"1": "ang",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "gmw-pro:*laud",
"id": "metal",
"text": "++",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *plowdʰo-\nProto-Celtic *ɸloudom\nGaulish *loudonbor.?\nProto-West Germanic *laud\nOld English lead\nInherited from Proto-West Germanic *laud, possibly borrowed from Gaulish *loudon, from Proto-Celtic *ɸloudom (“lead”), from Proto-Indo-European *plowdʰo- (“lead”).",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *plowdʰo-\nProto-Celtic *ɸloudom\nGaulish *loudonbor.?\nProto-West Germanic *laud\nOld English lead\nInherited from Proto-West Germanic *laud, possibly borrowed from Gaulish *loudon, from Proto-Celtic *ɸloudom (“lead”), from Proto-Indo-European *plowdʰo- (“lead”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "lēad",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-decl-noun-a-n",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "lēad",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lēad",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lēades",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lēade",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "n",
"head": "lēad"
},
"expansion": "lēad n",
"name": "ang-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lēad",
"num": "sg"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun-a-n"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lēad",
"2": "lēad",
"3": "lēad",
"4": "lēad",
"5": "lēades",
"6": "lēada",
"7": "lēade",
"8": "lēadum",
"num": "sg",
"title": "",
"type": "strong a-stem"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old English entries with etymology texts",
"Old English entries with etymology trees",
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English lemmas",
"Old English neuter a-stem nouns",
"Old English neuter nouns",
"Old English nouns",
"Old English terms derived from Gaulish",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Old English terms with quotations",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I am much heavier than the gray stone\nor an un-little clump of lead,\nI am much lighter than this little bug\nthat walks here on the water with dry feet",
"ref": "Exeter Book, riddle 40",
"roman": "þe hēr on flōde gǣð fōtum dryġe.",
"text": "Hefiġere iċ eom micle þonne sē hāra stān\noþþe unlȳtel lēades clympre,\nlēohtre iċ eom micle þonne þēs lȳtla wyrm",
"translation": "I am much heavier than the gray stone\nor an un-little clump of lead,\nI am much lighter than this little bug\nthat walks here on the water with dry feet",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"lead"
],
"links": [
[
"lead",
"lead#English"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/læ͜ɑːd/"
}
],
"word": "lead"
}
Download raw JSONL data for lead meaning in Old English (5.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-01-19 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-01-01 using wiktextract (d1270d2 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.